Selecting a mature bonsai plant or tree can be quite the conundrum, especially considering the investment involved. The first crucial decision to make is whether your bonsai will reside indoors or outdoors, as this choice significantly influences your bonsai selection.
Reflect on how much time you can dedicate to tending to your miniature tree.
For outdoor bonsai, factor in local climate conditions and sunlight exposure. Seek guidance from experienced enthusiasts and delve into the following insights for a comprehensive understanding.
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Indoors vs. Outdoors Bonsai
Historically, bonsai trees hail from the temperate, humid landscapes of China and Japan, inherently outdoor habitats.
The notion of indoor bonsai arose from the desire to keep these miniature marvels permanently indoors, albeit tradition dictated their presence indoors during special occasions, like entertaining guests.
Temperate forest trees, the traditional bonsai candidates, struggle in the confined environment of a home. Conversely, tropical species, which thrive in indoor conditions, pose unique challenges when miniaturized into bonsai.
However, there is an exception – the fig tree, originating from the tropics, adapts brilliantly to miniaturization.
Several species originating from mild climates, such as the Mediterranean coasts, can be nurtured indoors, often classified as cold greenhouse or conservatory plants.
This category includes camellias and hibiscus.
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Outdoor Bonsai Natural Habitat
Surprisingly, outdoor bonsai forms the majority of this art form. Despite their diminutive appearance, bonsai trees are as robust as their full-sized counterparts in nature.
Rain, wind, or sun are no adversaries for these resilient plants, provided they receive adequate watering.
Frost resistance varies by species, but as a general rule, all bonsai require protection when temperatures dip below 5°C (41°F) and frost is imminent.
Some trees, such as pines, firs, cedars, beeches, ginkgo, or yews, can make do with a simple covering, like a plastic sheet, during severe frost.
Conversely, maples, elms, and many fruit trees should be moved indoors to a cool room (maximum 10°C or 50°F) when frost threatens.
All indoor bonsai can venture outdoors as long as temperatures remain above 5°C (41°F). Protection is key, especially for the base and tray since bonsai roots lack a thick layer of earth for insulation.
Employ straw, leaves, or peat for this purpose.
Displaying Your Outdoor Bonsai
The art of bonsai shines through in the harmony between the plant and its container, emphasizing the importance of thoughtful presentation.
Whether you possess a humble balcony or an entire bonsai garden, never place your bonsai directly on the ground, except for very old, sizable trees. The ideal location is just below eye level.
Utilize stands that offer varying levels and facilitate excess water drainage. Treat the wooden stands with non-toxic preservatives to prevent rot.
On a window sill or balcony, ensure your pots are exceptionally stable to withstand strong winds. Higher balconies pose increased challenges from wind exposure. Intense winds combined with scorching sunlight can dehydrate trees rapidly.
Consider erecting robust windbreaks and monitor moisture levels closely.
In garden settings, use slatted plastic or wooden shades to shield stands from harsh sunlight. If you boast an extensive bonsai collection, experiment with mixing species and cultivars to craft an artistic and captivating display.
A well-planned outdoor bonsai garden should incorporate one or more water connections, particularly if your garden is sizable. Bonsai trays contain minimal soil, increasing the risk of rapid summer drying.
For extensive collections, a watering system with overhead pipes and sprinklers, or even an automated watering device, can be invaluable.
Whenever possible, avoid watering in bright sunlight to prevent wet leaves from scorching in direct sunlight. Consider shading solutions and take precautions against bird droppings, such as fitting narrow-slat awnings.
Optimal watering times are early morning and later in the day.
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Final Thoughts
The choice between indoor and outdoor bonsai cultivation is a crucial one, guided by factors like climate, tree species, and your commitment to care. Regardless of your decision, the art of bonsai is as fascinating as it is rewarding.
With careful consideration and dedication, you can embark on a botanical journey that transforms a mere plant into a living work of art. Whether indoors or outdoors, your bonsai can flourish, adding beauty and tranquility to your surroundings.
